Device for fastening loose-leaf books.



' Pa tented Sept. 2,1902,

No'. 70.8,l02.

J. A. WA'LDU, In. DEVICE FOR FASTENINGLOOSE LEAF BOOKS. v

' (Applicatiii filed Jgne 16, 1902., (No Model.)

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UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

JOHN A. VALDO, JR., OF READING, MASSACHUSETTS.

DEVICE FOR FASTENING LOOSE-LEAF BOOKS.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 708,102, dated September 2, 1902.

Application filed June 16, 1902. Serial No. 111.847. (No model.)

To a whom, it may concern.

Be it known that I, JOHN A. WALDO, Jr., a citizen of the United States, and a resident of Readin g, in the county of Middlesex and State of Massachusetts, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Devices for Fastening Loose-Leaf Books, of which the following is a specification.

This invention relates to an improved device for fastening loose-leaf books in such a manner as to readily detach one or more leaves or replace such with others, as may be needed from time to time.

The invention is carried out as follows, reference being had to the accompanying drawings, wherein- Figure 1 is a side elevation of a portion of a loose-leaf book provided with my improved fastening device, the figure being shown as enlarged. Fig. 2 is a cross-section on the line 2 2, shown in Fig. 1. gitudinal section of the fastening device, showing the parts composing the same as detached from each other. Fig. 4 is a detail side elevation of one of the perforated caps or washers, and Fig. 5 is a perspective view of the fastening device.

Similar letters refer to similar parts wherever they occur on the different parts of th drawings. V

In the drawings, Figs. 1 and 2, AA represent series of leaves of a loose-bound book, pamphlet, index, record, 850., adapted to be fastened together by my improved device, which consists of a pair of open-ended adj ustable telescopic tubes B 0, one adapted to receive the other when in use, as shown. The said telescopic tubes are provided, respectively, at their outer ends with outwardly-extending flanges B C, as shown. In practice I prefer to use in connection with such telescopic tubes, preferably, cup-shaped caps or washers D D, having respective perforations d d d d, as shown.

A is a perforation through the loose leaves A A, into which the telescopic tubes B O are inserted when it is desired to attach the leaves together.

In using the device for binding the loose leaves together I first double up the binder- Fig. 3 is a detail 1011- together.

string Eand introduce its ends through the perforations d d in the cap or washer D, after which I insert the telescopic tubes B C in the perforations A in the leaves A A. I then pass the ends of the string through said tubes and through the perforations d d in the cap or washer D,'after which I draw the ends of the binder-string tightly and'tie such ends together, preferably by a knot e, as shown in Figs. 1 and 2. If desired to remove one or more of the leaves from the book, 8170., I simply untie the string E and remove the telescopic tubes and washers and remove the desired leaves or insert in the desired place or places such leaves in proper places as may be necessary and bind the leaves together in a manner as above described.

Any number of said fastening devices may be used, according to the size of the leaves that are to be bound together. By this arrangement the leaves of a loose-bound book may be secured together by individual fastening devices; but, if so desired, I may dispense with the perforated caps or washers D D and use only the telescopic tubes B O in series, inserted through perforations in the leaves, and bind the latter by passing a string through successive pairs of telescopic tubes, and, finally tying the ends of the binder-string It will be noticed that by the use of such longitudinally-adjustable telescopic tubes I am enabled to secure any desired number of loose leaves together of more or less aggregate thickness. The length of the telescopic tubes may be varied according to the maximum and minimum thickness of the loose-bound books, &c., that are to be fastened.

What I wish to secure by Letters Patent and claim is- 1. The herein-described device, or fastening for loose-leaf books, consisting of a pair of telescopic tubes, onelongitudinally adjustable within the other, each tube having a flange at the outer end,and a fasteningstring passing through the tubes and securing them together, substantially as and for the purpose set forth.

2. The herein-described device, or fastening for loose-leaf books, consisting of a pair of telescopic tubes, one longitudinally ad- In testimony whereof I have aflixed my sigjustable Within the other, each tube having nature in presence of two witnesses. a flange at the outer end combined with perforated caps or washers, and a tying-string JOHN WALDO 5 for securing the parts of the fasteningdevice Witnesses:

to the loose-leaf book, &c., substantially as ALBAN ANDRISJN,

and for the purpose set forth. WM. A. ELLIOT. 

